Secretary: C. Michael Hall
Tourism Programme
University of Canberra, P.O. Box 1, Belconnen, A.C.T. 2616, Australia
FAX: 61-6-201-5119; E-MAIL: CMJH@COMSERVER.CANBERRA.EDU.AU
IMPORTANT: DO YOU WANT TO CONTINUE RECEIVING THIS NEWSLETTER? The preceding issue of TOURISTinfo (Number 2) contained the warning: "In order to receive a future issue, you must let the editor know whether you want the English version or the French version. If you do not respond to this request, the editor will assume that you do not wish to continue receiving the newsletter at all."
Only ten per cent of the subscribers have responded to this request. The remaining ninety per cent will have a second opportunity to respond. After November 1, 1995, all names will be deleted from the mailing list except those who have informed me of their wishes, using the address, FAX number, or e-mail address at the head of the newsletter. I do believe that there are many subscribers who want to continue receiving the newsletter but have not indicated this to me.
All subscribers to TOURISTinfo are automatically named as corresponding members of the I.G.U. Study Group on the Geography of Sustainable Tourism: Development and Protection of Cultural and Natural Heritage. There are corresponding members in 54 different countries, according to the existing mailing list. Thirty-two of those countries will no longer be represented among the corresponding members if I do not hear from them by November.
ADYR A.B. RODRIGUES, Coordenadora de Geografia do
Turismo, Departamento de Geografia, Universidade de S o
Paulo, Ciudad Universitaria, S o Paulo, Brazil. Phone: 210.2217;
FAX: 818.3159.
We are developing research in the state of Cear (north-eastern
Brazil). It is a place full of beautiful beaches where the
government has financed big hotels and leisure complexes, with
the help of international institutions (DIB). We analyze the
virtual socio-environmental impacts in this region, comparing it
with other peripheral regions.
MARJA PAAJANEN, Helsinki School of Economics, Institute
for Basic Research, Runeberginkatu 15, 00100 Helsinki, Finland.
Phone: +358-0-4313-534; FAX: +358-0-4313-305; e-mail:
paajanen@karl.hkkk.fi.
I am preparing a dissertation in the Helsinki School of
Economics (HSE) on the economic impact analysis of tourism
as a methodological problem from the perspective of economic
geography. The urge for the study derives from the experience
in the Finnish environment showing indisputable flaws attributed
to the methods which have most commonly been used in local
economic impact studies of tourism, i.e. the Nordic Model and
the Input-Output Method. The prevailing methodology
supporting the use of these methods bridges the demand and
supply sides of tourism interaction, as it focuses on the money
circulating from tourists to tourism enterprises, including the
circulation within the tourism supply sector. However, the
quantity and quality of tourism interaction is to a great extent
modified by local factors. The prevailing methodology is subject
to criticism as the locality's contribution to the interaction is
weakly examined.
An alternative methodology which builds on the concept of the economic interaction of tourism is proposed. This concept refers to the economic repercussions of the interaction between tourists and tourism enterprises meeting in a locality. Local tourism income, the primary outcome of the economic interaction, is affected by a number of determinants attributed to tourists, tourism enterprises and locality. The alternative methodology supports the construction of a practical method for local economic impact studies.
I have participated in a number of national and nordic tourism symposia and found them most motivating. The major publications consist of the licentiate thesis "The economic interaction between tourists and tourism enterprises", articles in symposium proceedings and working paper published in HSE.
THOMAS BAUER, Senior Lecturer in Travel and Tourism,
Victoria University of Technology, P.O. Box 14428, MMC,
Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
E-mail: Thomas=Bauer%Hosp2_admin%VUT@gnu.vut.edu.au.
My main field of research at present is the issue of commercial
tourism in the Antarctic and I have just returned from two
Antarctic Peninsula cruises and one overflight. If you come
across other members of the study group who may be interested
in the issue please let me know.
LICENCIADA NORA G. de CASALS, C. de Correo 616, 8300 - Neuquen, Republica Argentina. I am a geographer who has been teaching and researching the geography of tourism in my country for 20 years, and took the opportunity to participate in the meeting in Mallorca in 1986, at the invitation of Professor Bernard Barbier.
HANS ELSASSER, Geographisches Institut der Universitt
Zrich-Irchel, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057 Zrich, Switzerland.
Phone: 01/257 51 80/81; FAX: 01/362 52 27.
Central to our interests at present are questions about the effects
of climatic change on tourism in Switzerland. Among other
things, this would be an interesting area for large-scale
comparative studies.
UNIV. PROF. DR. HUBERT TRIMMEL, Honorary
President, International Union of Speleology, Draschestrasse 77,
A-1230, Vienna, Austria.
In the Commission on the Protection
and Management of Karst Regions (and Caves) of the
International Union of Speleology, there is much interest in
tourism in these very vulnerable ecosystems. In particular, the
International Association of Tourist Caves (incorporated within
I.U.S.) studies problems of protecting tourist sites. In addition,
I am also a member of the Austrian National Committee of the
International Commission for the Protection of Alpine Regions
(I.C.P.A.R.), which is very much concerned with the
consequences of mass tourism in the Alps. Current discussions
are concentrating on an "Alpine Convention" which would be
signed by the governments of the Alpine coutries, -- where there
are differences particularly over the issue of general regulations
for reducing tourist development in the mountainous regoins of
the Alps and traffic through the Alps.
CLAUDIO MINCA. The telephone number indicated in TOURISTinfo No. 2 has been changed to: 040/6767098. The e- mail address is: claudiom@dicamp.univ.trieste.it.
The ITB is the major annual travel- and tourism industry's fair in the world. Everyone wishing to participate in the baking of this profit-making cake must come. 173 slices of inviting flavors were represented at this year's 29th Berlin gathering in March. That number of states included many names unfamiliar even to tourism professionals: Albania, Azerbaijan, Belorus, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Eritrea, the Falkland Is., Kampuchea, Kiribati, Kirgizistan, Mozambique, Nigeria, Qatar, Surinam, Western Samoa, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, The Ukraine, and more. (Some may sound commonplace to the philatelic community!). 5237 destinations were offered.
The general atmosphere at the fair was optimistic. International travel will double in 20 years; tourism will employ 338 million people by the year 2005. In this "world's fastest growing economy" every third second a new job is added. In the introductory talk entitled "Politics Divide, Tourism Unites," the president of the Pacific Asia Travel Association, Indonesian Minister Joop Ave, concluded: "Tourism is and will be a real builder of peace!" Gnther Rexrod, president of the Association of German Tourist Agents, added, at another occasion, that the "idea of bringing tourism closer to people and their lifestyles in host countries should be implemented on every possible level." Not mentioned were ghetto-like tourist developments in the Indian Ocean, away from the turbulent subcontinent reality, nor limits imposed on Israeli visits to Bali. A geographer, Lydia Miheli -Pulsipher, Knoxville, TN, recently published an article on the perception of the Caribbean by an average cruise-ship group (Geographica Slovenica 24). In the article, "Guilt Trips - Mis-Perceiving the Landscapes of the Paradise," she stated:..."only 15% of cruise passengers disembark in any given port; and interviews with all types of travelers who disembark reveal that many return home with an ill-defined feeling of shame and guilt about their trip to what had been billed in the tourist literature as Paradise." ... Have bosses in the tourist industry lost a sense of reality?
The most often heard phrase in the ITB was "natural, social and cultural adaptability of the tourist and travel industry." Everyone was aware that, in addition to wars and social unrest, a degraded environment, caused by humans, could hinder future plans and profits. At the ITB the sustainable development concept was acknowledged. But, it seems, this does not affect the everyday reality of the tourist economy. In three of four tourist agencies we visited on the Kurfrstendamm of Berlin, a made-up trip to Sicily/Italy was offered as an airline package. Train was not considered as an alternative despite our discussion leading towards that mode. Therefore, it is no surprise to many that tourism becomes intensive in distances covered and less profound in experiences gained. For the first time in history, this summer it was possible to book a charter from Germany to America for 99 dollars.
Ahead of the Second World Conference on Climatic Change, held in the same city a couple of weeks later, pessimistic professionals at the ITB predicted that a billion tourists by 2015 (and touring-related cars, planes, and urban structures) and other occurrences linked to development could make some 50% of today's Gardens of Eden disappear. The Mediterranean basin, the most visited tourist area of the world, is in this respect the most endangered ecosystem. A worldwide climatic disorder, as a result of fuel burning (CO2) and affected by the disappearance of the ozone-layer (since the mid-1980's above the northern hemisphere too!) as well, would change habits of tourists in a decade, or even sooner. The diminishing of the protective ozone- layer /cancer/ would scare visitors away from beaches, resorts, and most popular regions. Could we envision ghost-towns in the Mediterranean?
The question which deserves the blame for the contemporary trends in tourism is disputed. Environmentally conscious professionals at the ITB stated that "tourism industry and its travel/booking policies endanger the natural and cultural habitat of the world." Travel agents reply that tourists seldom ask for soft-, green-, and eco-oriented programs developed for them: "The tourist industry supports only popular demand!" To an objective visitor to the ITB, the question of the quality of the tourist professional's education came to mind. Neither they, nor the product-buying tourist are aware of the costs of their action. Both don't know how much more non-renewable energy one would spend by taking the jet instead of the train to Sicily. Therefore pessimism is justified! Tourism professionals and the customer (tourist) must comprehend that traveling and holiday- making never were, are, nor will be an inexpensive commodity. On the contrary, they are a very precious privilege -- as they affect nature, cultures, and the planet. Tourism should therefore not be taken as a sell-out of the Planet Earth. In 1995, at the 29th International Tourism and Travel Fair in Berlin, it still seemed that way.
Following is a summary of ideas on this subject compiled by Prof. Dr. Jorg Maier, who has put together his thoughts about what "sustainable development of tourism" means and how it may be implemented. Any readers who wish to respond to this abstract of a position paper should contact Prof. Dr. Maier at:
Universitat Bayreuth
Lehrstuhl Wirtschaftsgeographie und Regionalplanung
Universitatsstrasse 30
D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
Telephone: (0921) 55 22 62;
FAX: (0921) 55 23 69.
Copies of corrspondence should also be sent to the Editor of TOURISTinfo. A position paper outlining the framework for the I.G.U. Study Group could be developed from this abstract.
Abstract on a new possible Topic for International Cooperation with the theme
"Sustainable Development of Tourism"
J. MAIER
The different environmental impacts caused by traditional forms of tourism have led in the last few years to a lot of criticism. Because of the diverse scientific backgrounds of the critics, it is not very surprising that there is a variety of terms being used, and that the related ideas cover a wide spectrum. Up to now there surely does not exist a clear definition of "sustainable development in tourism." In essence, the prevailing terms reflect a tourism oriented toward environmental needs and compatible with socially responsible cultural frameworks. In both cases the measurement of the concepts in practice is not easy and especially presents problems, because out of the common, sometimes abstract, definitions concrete guidelines and instructions for regional policies and spatial planning are being drawn.
Nevertheless, it is useful to try to characterize the framework of sustainable development in tourism. It is expected to be modest in scale being mechanized only to a small degree, for example using individual means of transport. Therefore the central objective is a form of tourism with developments oriented to environmental aspects as well as to social and cultural conditions, directed at long-term perspectives suitable to the tourist region or town. All in all some consequences are relevant to realize the guideline of sustainable development:
* integration and mobilization of the people involved, with the
help of information, including the guests, the local inhabitants
and the political decision-makers,
* working on new concepts for a form of tourism adapted to the
demands of the environment and local people, for example using
innovative means like the participation of the inhabitants in
decisions about future tourist development, and
* putting into practice the guidelines and ideas being worked out,
through regional politics and local economic and social
development.
The realization of environmentally and socially oriented development strategies in tourism therefore presupposes not only the integration of natural, cultural and social potentials of a region, but also implies the possibility for the regional and local people to participate in discussions and decisions about the question of what is judged as being sustainable.
In conclusion, the strategy of sustainable development in tourism takes more aspects into consideration than traditional instruments of tourist development policies, for example concerning ecologic protection areas. New ideas could range from meals oriented to regional specialties, to qualified regional information, to the sector of traffic planning, just to show the wide spectrum which would have to be taken into account. Within this strategy, for tourist towns there is the advantage of low-cost financial, infrastructural and personal investments. Nevertheless it is critical for sustainable development in tourism that this idea and its basic thoughts become implemented into practice and recognized both by the local inhabitants and the decision-makers in tourism to reach efficiency as far as possible.
Professor Maier has sent copies of three related publications which he has authored, co-authored, or edited. One is in English on "Sustainable Regional Development and the Role of Big Hotel-Projects in Peripheral Rural Areas." Another, in German, deals with a village that serves as a model for ecological development. The third, also in German, is a collection of papers on tourist highways. Professor Maier may be prepared to send copies to interested readers on request.
NEW: U. Kockel (ed.), Culture, tourism and development: the case of Ireland, Liverpool, University Press, 1994, 199pp.
SPORT PLACE: An international journal of sports geography. Beginning with Volume 9, 1995 Sport Place will expand its coverage and content to include material on the geography of recreation and tourism. Emphasis will be on subject matter dealing with sport-related recreation and tourism, but more general pieces will be given careful editorial consideration. Please send all manuscripts and discs to either John Rooney or John Bale.
JOHN ROONEY, Oklahoma State University,
Department of Geography,308 Geography Building,
Stillwater, OK,
74078, USA;
JOHN BALE, University of Keele, Department of
Education, Staffordshire,
ST5 5BG, England.
This journal is published tri-annually. A one-year subscription
is US$25.00. Institutional subscriptions are US$70.00. Outside
the U.S.A. add $10.00 for additional postage. Cheques should be
payable to, and remitted to: Black Oak Inc., 2624 Black Oak
Drive, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74074, U.S.A.
RECENT: Gareth Shaw and Allan Williams, Critical Issues in
Tourism: A Geographical Perspective, Institute of British
Geographers Studies in Geography, Blackwell Publishers, 1993,
304 pages, hardback 40.00, paperback 12.99, plus 2.50 for
postage and packing.
Contents: Part I: An Approach to Tourism 1.
Introduction Part II: Access to Tourism Consumption 2.
International Dimensions 3. Social Access to Tourism and
Leisure 4. Individual Consumption of Tourism Part III:
The Production of Tourism Services 5. The Tourism
Industries 6. Tourism and Entrepreneurship 7. Tourism
Employment and Labour Markets Part IV: Tourism
Environments 8. Tourism and Leisure Environments 9.
Mass Tourism 10. Urban Tourism 11. Rural Tourism Part
V: Future Trends 12. The Future of Tourism Bibliography
Index.
FORTHCOMING: Greg Ashworth and A.G.J. Dietvorst, eds., Tourism: Spatial Transformations, 1995, CAB-Publishers.
NEW: David T. Herbert, ed. Heritage, Tourism and Society,
Tourism, Leisure and Recreation Series, Mansell, Cassell plc,
1995, 28pp., 40.00.
Contents: Heritage places, leisure and tourism Heritage as
historical reality Heritage as literary place Heritage as
national identity: histories and prospects of the national pasts
Heritage, tourism and Europe:a European future for a
European past Heritage as planned and conserved Heritage
as formal education Heritage as business Heritage as design:
a practitioner's perspective Conclusions.
FORTHCOMING: Allan M. Williams and Gareth Shaw, eds.,
The Rise and Fall of British Coastal Tourism: Cultural and
Economic Perspectives, Tourism, Leisure and Recreation Series,
Mansell, Cassell plc, Sept., 1995, 192pp., 40.00.
Contents: Coastal tourism as a social construct and economic
entity The first half of the twentieth century: growth, diffusion
and the emergence of new forms of coastal tourism The golden
years of the 1950s and 1960s The causes of decline: product
cycles and competition Coastal tourism and the tourist gaze
The private sector: tourism entrepreneurship -- a constraint or
resource The public sector: planning for renewal.
FORTHCOMING: Douglas Lockhart and David Drakakis-Smith,
eds., Island Tourism: Problems and Perspectives, Tourism,
Leisure and Recreation Series, Mansell, Cassell plc, Sept., 1995,
240pp., 40.00.
Contents: Tourism and small islands: introduction
Smallness, `islandness' and tourism Transport innovation and
tourism development Is small really beautiful? Tourism in the
Commonwealth Caribbean Orkney and Shetland The
Channel Islands East Frisian Islands Smogen Balearic
Islands Malta and Cyprus New directions in tourism
development and planning in the Eastern Caribbean The
Seychelles and Mauritius Singapore Bali and Lombok The
South Pacific Fiji Prince Edward Island The South
Atlantic.
FORTHCOMING: Frank M. Go and Carson L. Jenkins, eds.,
Tourism, and Economic Development in Asia and Australasia,
Tourism, Leisure and Recreation Series, Mansell, Cassell plc,
Oct., 1995, 240pp., 40.00.
Contents: Part 1: Introduction The determinants of
tourism demand for Australasia Emerging trends in growth,
pattern and characteristics of tourism demand in Australasia
Part 2, Country Surveys Japan, South Korea, China, Hong
Kong, Taiwan, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Philippines,
Vietnam, Thailand, Myanmar, Australia, New Zealand Part 3,
The Future Agenda The impact of the issue of sustainability
on future development Education and indigenization in
tourism development.
NEW: E. Carter and G. Lowman, eds., Ecotourism: A Sustainable Option, John Wiley & Sons, 1994, approx. 224pp., approx. 37.50/$60.00.
NEW: C.M. Hall, Tourism and Politics: Policy, Power and Place, John Wiley & Sons, 1994, approx. 356pp., approx. 35.00/$56.00.
NEW: V.H. Kinnaird and D. Hall, eds., Tourism: A Gender Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, 1994, 288pp., 39.95/$63.95.
NEW: V.L. Smith and W.R. Eadington, eds., Tourism
Alternatives: Potential Problems in the Development of Tourism,
John Wiley & Sons, 1994, 270pp., 12.95/$20.95.
Partial Contents: Introduction The Emergence of
Alternative Forms of Tourism Part 1: theoretical
Perspectives Alternative Tourism: Concepts, Classifications
and Questions Making the Alternative Sustainable: Lessons
from Development for Tourism Part 2: Case Studies
Tourism as an Element in Sustainable Development Tourism
by Train: Its Role in Alternative Tourism Tourism Alternatives
in an Era of Global Climatic Change.
NEW: D.E. Lundberg, M.H. Stavenga, and M. Krishnamoorthy, Tourism Economics, John Wiley & Sons, 1994, approx. 256pp., approx. 35.50/$49.50.
NEW: A.V. Seaton, R. Wood, P. Dieke, and C.L. Jenkins, eds., Tourism: The State of the Art, John Wiley & Sons, 1994, approx. 1200pp., 99.50/$159.00.
NEW: C.P. Cooper and A. Lockwood, eds., Progress in Tourism and Hospitality Research: An International Journal, John Wiley & Sons.
NEW: C. Michael Hall and Margaret Johnston, eds., Polar
Tourism: Tourism in the Arctic and Antarctic Regions, John
Wiley & Sons, 1995, 346pp., 37.50/$60.00.
Contents: Introduction Pole to Pole: Tourism Issues,
Impacts and the Search for a Management Regime in Polar
Regions Patterns and Issues in Arctic Tourism Tourism
Space Penetration Processes in Northern Canada and
Scandinavia Cruise Tourism in the Canadian Arctic and Its
Implications Tourism Experiences in the Arctic - The Svalbard
Case Waste Disposal and the Wilderness in the Yukon
Territory, Canada Tourism in Northwest Russia Aboriginal
People in the Tourism Economy of Canada's Northwest
Territories Access to the `North' - But to What and for
Whom?: Public Access in the Swedish Countryside and the
Case of a Proposed National Park in the Kiruna Mountains
Issues in Antarctic Tourism The Precursors of Tourism in the
Antarctic The Regulation of Antarctic Tourism Tourism
Impacts and Management in the Antarctic Peninsula Area
Tourism in the Sub-Antarctic Islands Visitor Management and
the Future of Tourism in Polar Regions.
Journal of Transport Geography: This international journal is seeking articles on travel, recreation and tourism.
NEW: Alan A. Lew and Lawrence Yu, eds., Tourism in China: Geographic, Political, and Economic Perspective, Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A., 1995; phone: 303-444-3541 or 800-456-1995; FAX: 303-449-3356.
OF INTEREST: Gerard Richez, Parcs Nationaux et Tourisme en Europe, Tourism and society series, L'Harmattan, 7, rue de l'Ecole Polytechnique, 75005 Paris, 1992, 432pp., 20F + 15F de port.
Preliminary details of the Study Group's role in the 28th International Geographical Congress at The Hague, Netherlands were outlined in TOURISTinfo, No. 2. The local organizer for this Study Group is Professor Myriam Jansen-Verbeke. Her address is Faculteit Bedrijfskunde, Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam, Postbus 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands; Telephone: 31-10-4081111; FAX: 31-10-4520204; e-mail: myriam.verbeke@geo.kuleuven.ac.be. If you wish to present a paper at the Congress, you need to send your address to: Congress Secretariat, Faculteit Ruimtelijke Wetenschappen, Universiteit Utrecht, Postbus 80.115, 3508TC Utrecht, The Netherlands, making reference to paper/postersession VI and Study Group 31. The Study Group will have at least five sessions devoted to papers, one of which will be in conjunction with the Association of American Geographers Specialty Group on Recreation, Tourism and Sport. There will also be a session on theoretical advances in the field of the geography of sustainable tourism (or new directions in the philosophy and methodology of tourism geography). A formal announcement regarding this session will be made in the next edition of TOURISTinfo, and details will also be broadcast over the various e-mail networks.
After the main Congress, from August 10 to 15, a field excursion on "Sustainable tourism in coastal areas" will take place. It is being organized by Professor Adri Dietvorst of the Centre for Recreation and Tourism, Agricultural University, Wageningen, Netherlands (email: ADRI.DIETVORST@RECR.RPV.WAU.NL). The provisional program is as follows:
1. Saturday 10 August: Cycle tour into the Meijndel Area north of The Hague. The relation between recreation and vulnerable natural areas. The management of recreation and tourist behaviour in dune areas.
2. Sunday afternoon: Departure to the Delta region in the southwestern part of the Netherlands. Overnight stay at Flushing (Vlissingen).
3. Monday 12 August: Resort development at the Dutch-Belgian Coast. Excursion to Cadzand-Knokke-Blankenberghe-Oostende. Regional solutions to problems related to quality improvement. How to attain a reasonable balance between low and high dynamic tourism development?
4. Tuesday 13 August: Small-scale tourism development at Walcheren (province of Zeeland). Visit to the Delta project. The influence of hydraulic engineering on landscape and tourism.
5. Wednesday 14 August: Visit to the Eastern Scheldt, a rich and unique wildlife area. The relation between recreation and nature and the Limits of Acceptable Change.
6. Thursday 15 August: Modern tourist resort development in the Delta Region. The influence of holiday villages on tourism development. In the evening departure to The Hague.
Costs: We assume the participants will stay in their `congress hotel' till Sunday morning. These 2 extra nights are not included into the field excursion budget! We estimate the excursion costs (inclusive 4 overnight stays in Flushing) to be 1500, - Dutch Guilders. The minimum number of participants is 25; the maximum is 40 persons. Cancellation threshold: 1 April 1996.
The Association of American Geographers (AAG) has a Specialty Group on Recreation, Tourism, and Sport (Alan A. Lew, Chair), with its own RST Newsletter (Robert L. Janiskee, Editor). The International Geographical Union (IGU) has a Study Group on the Geography of Sustainable Tourism: Development and Protection of Cultural and Natural Heritage, with its own TOURISTinfo Newsletter. Clearly, there is a great deal of shared interest between these two groups. Recognizing this commonality of interest, the Chairs of the respective groups met, after the jointly sponsored sessions in Chicago this year, to explore possible further avenues of co-operation. Professor Lew, who is also a member of the IGU Study Group wrote, in the May 1995 issue of the RTS Newsletter, "One of the major areas I am hoping to develop over the next two years as RTS Chair is to increase interaction between the AAG/RTS Specialty Group and the IGU/Sustainable Tourism Study Group. There are considerable opportunities for, and benefits in, members of the AAG working with our IGU colleagues .... Some specialty areas within the IGU have developed productive relationships with their AAG counterparts. I hope that we can make some movements in that direction for RTS." I share these sentiments. There is a widespread feeling that the RTS Specialty Group and the I.G.U. Study Group (or its predecessors) have operated largely in isolation from each other, and it is time that the two solitudes come together.
The 1996 meetings of the RTS Specialty Groups in Charlotte, North Carolina will have, as a major theme, the Geography of Sustainable Tourism: development and protection of cultural and natural heritage. Professor Richard Butler has been asked to lead a panel discussion on teaching sustainable tourism. This meeting, part of the annual A.A.G. conference, will provide an excellent opportunity for members of the Study Group from outside North America to interact with A.A.G. members. As mentioned elsewhere in this newsletter, abstracts of papers and payment are due on September 10. We welcome this interest and initiative on the part of the A.A.G. RTS Group.
In return, the I.G.U. Study Group has agreed to devote one of its five sessions at the 1996 International Geographical Congress in The Hague to the A.A.G. Specialty Group. This session will be of interest to tourism geographers from all parts of the world.
Finally, there is now an Internet discussion group, listserv RTSNET-L, which is sponsored by the A.A.G. Specialty Group and is open to all interested persons, whether or not they are members of the RTS Group. Its objective is to facilitate the exchange of ideas and information among geographers and other scientists or practitioners who are interested in leisure research, especially that with a spatial (geographic) component." The invitation from American geographers, and particularly Robert Janiskee, to participate in this information network without charge is a splendid example of AAG-IGU co-operation. To subscribe, address e-mail to: LISTSERV@UNIVSCVM.CSD.SCAROLINA.EDU where the message is the command: SUB RTSNET-L firstname lastname. With your subscription confirmation you will receive instructions for using the listserv.
The I.G.U. Study Group looks forward to more and continued co-operation with the A.A.G. RTS Group.
To facilitate the work of the researcher and the manager of the private public sector, the Centre des Hautes Etudes Touristiques of the University of Law, Economics and Sciences of Aix- Marseille has been annually collecting material to form the most important library in the world, dealing with multiple aspects of tourism and outdoor recreation (on the 3rd July 1995, 61,224 books + about 8,000 articles of scientific papers).
210 volumes of "Bibliographie Touristique" (Collection " Etudes et Mmoires") classify by theme and by country all the literature present in the Aix-en-Provence library. Each month, about a new volume with 1,500 new references is edited.
The Centre des Hautes Etudes Touristiques does not want to claim and can not afford to collect every work edited in the whole world on tourism and leisure. That is why a new collection was created about twelve years ago called "Essais", which brings together in an exhaustive manner the references of international literature known by the C.H.E.T. and concerning a hundred specific themes (e.g.: ecotourism, multiplier, balance of payments, carrying capacity, ...) and about twenty tourist destinations with special interest (e.g.: China, Japan, Mexico, etc.). 640 volumes (each with 250 new references) are already available. This collection grows each year by about fifty new titles.
To increase the processing speed of the information, the Centre has its own computer program, which, from a thesaurus (which can evolve) of 1,300 key words and from a geographical classification from the worldwide level to the district level, makes it possible to know in a very short period of time the references of works dealing with this or that theme or country. The analysis of the 58,121 latest documents is already in the computer memory: the "Computerized Touriscotheque" is then able to work with it. It shows for example that there are 651 works on the tourist multiplier, 138 documents on the perception of the image of a destination, 105 works on tourism in Fiji, 209 documents on China or 600 works on tourism of the golden citizens.
This service will become highly efficient month after month. The professionals or institutions of the tourist industry concerned by a pluridisciplinary and worldwide approach of the tourist and leisure phenomena, are invited from now on and in the future to contact directly the CHET:
CENTRE DES HAUTES ETUDES TOURISTIQUES
IMMEUBLE EUROFFICE
38 avenue de l'Europe
BP 661
13094 Aix en Provence cedex 2
FRANCE
Tl.: (33) 42 20 09 73
Fax: (33) 42 20 50 90
to obtain the computer listings (1 reference = 1 page) by theme
and (or) geographical index. The price of the consultation is
calculated in the following way:
50 FF standard charge + 5 FF per bibliographic
reference.
Urban, Rural and Cultural Tourism
The Med-Campus Programme on Teacher Training and Applied
Research for Tourism Quality Management is organizing a
seminar in Istanbul, Turkey on September 25-29, 1995. It aims
to assess the impact of cultural tourism in an urban or rural
environment and to study how a town can become a tourist
destination thanks to cultural tourism. The following special
topics will be addressed:
- rehabilitation of sites and historic monuments
- museums and cultural communication
- tourism product marketing.
Registration:
Bo azii University
Applied Tourism Administration
and Research
Center Hisar Campus
Bebek
80815 Istanbul, Turkey
Phone: 90 212 2659 773
FAX: 90 212 2659 813.
Seminar on Heritage Interpretation: Resource Audits in Strategic Planning
The British Council is running a seminar on this topic in several locations in Scotland from October 1 - 10, 1995. The main themes will be:
strategic aims and objectives and interpretation
general methodology
the imperative of partnership and synergy of multi-sector
action
the heritage profile of existing facilities
profiling and analysing the market
theme selection against regional and market profiles
regional and local modes of delivery and monitoring
use of theme trails in tourism strategies
the case for national planning policy guidelines.
There are vacancies for 30 participants. The fee is 1380. Application forms may be obtained from your nearest British Council office or from:
International Seminars Department
The British Council, 10 Spring Gardens
London, SW1A 2BN, UK
Telephone: +44 (0) 171 389 4264/4252/4266
Fax: +44 (0) 171 389 4154
Telex: 8952201 BRICON G
E-mail 81: BCOO22 (BT Gold/Dialcom).
In TOURISTinfo Number 2, four sub-groups were described. There has been considerable interest in the work of these sub- groups, at least one of which will be holding a session at the I.G.U. Congress in The Hague.
Another one, dealing with an analysis of the 1996 Olympics, will be in the middle of its research agenda at that time. Professor Valene Smith intends to prepare a survey which will be distributed in six continents to determine how much students "learn" about the U.S.A. and its recreational components from watching television coverage of the Olympics. She writes, "We solicit individuals who would be willing to distribute the survey questionnaire amongst their students (English-speaking), especially on a global basis...and to contact us (Department of Anthropology, California State University, Chico CA, U.S.A. 95921-0400; FAX: 916-345-3881; telephone: 916-891-1155; e-mail: VSMITH@oavax.csuchico.edu).
Thor Flognfeldt, Jr., who is in charge of the sub-group dealing
with the diffusion of museums, writes,
The sub-group on diffusion of museums hopes to be active for
some years. It will gather in 1996 to see if there are possibilities
of comparative studies. The sub-group will try to hold a paper
session during the 1996 conference.
Themes suggested are:
* The diffusion of museums within a region or country;
* The new museums - ecomuseums and museums based on
technology;
* New types of interpretation in museums -- with focus on
different segments of tourism;
* The role of museums in a destination product strategy;
* Eco-Museums and sustainability in marginal areas.
If you are interested in presenting a paper on this or another
museum/tourism theme, please contact Thor Flognfeldt, Jr.,
whose address is P.O. Box 1004, Skurva, N-2601 Lillehammer,
Norway (e-mail: THOR.FLOGNFELDT@HIL.NO).
There is also a growing interest in the sub-group on Environmental Effects of Tourism. Professor Henri Rougier of Lyons, France is considering chairing the group. Professor Adriana Galvani from Bologna, Italy has studied this theme at the World Tourism Organisation main office in Madrid.
In addition to the four existing sub-groups, two additional ones have been proposed:
Tourists, Carrying Capacity and Ecological Integrity in Parks
I'd like to identify geographers around the world who are interested in and/or working in this area with a view toward developing a sub-group and a research agenda. To these ends, a special session may be organized at the IGU meetings in The Hague. Interested geographers may contact me at the following mail and e-mail addresses:
R.J. Payne, School of Outdoor Recreation, Parks & Tourism, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada, P7B 5E1; e-mail: rjpayne@flash.lakeheadu.ca.
Study Sub-group on Trails and Tourism
Trails for walking, bicycling, horse riding, skiing and other activities have long been tourist attractions. Internationally popular examples include trails in the Alps and Himalayas, the Pennine Way, the Appalachian Trail, the Chilkoot Pass, the Milford Track, and the Inca Way. There is a great potential and practical need for research on various aspects of trails and tourism, such as the history of trails and tourism, the planning and management of trails, as well as trails users and their economic, environmental and social impacts. Research on trails and tourism can contribute to our academic and practical understanding of tourism and sustainable development.
Accordingly, I propose establishing a sub-group of the IGU Working Group on the Geography of Sustainable Tourism to address this topic. The aims of the sub-group would be to:
1. link people, especially geographers, conducting research on
trails and tourism,
2. prepare and publish an annotated bibliography on this topic,
3. organise an international conference on trails and tourism,
4. prepare and publish a book comprising an overview of the
topic, and case studies from various countries.
The Trail Studies Unit at Trent University, and the Internet Bulletin Board on Trails it is now establishing could serve as a focus for the sub-group. The conference might be arranged in conjunction with an IGU event, or be hosted by a university close to an internationally significant tourism trail. The publisher, Routledge, has expressed an interest in a book on trails and tourism.
I am prepared to coordinate such a sub-group and the above activities, if there is sufficient interest. Please contact me, Professor John Marsh, at the Geography Department, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada, K9J 7B8, or by telephone: 705-748-1749, or e-mail: JMARSH@TRENTU.CA.
July 31 - August 5, 1995, Havana, Cuba: Regional Conference
of Latin American and Caribbean Countries, International
Geographical Union - Latin America in the World: Environment,
Society and Development.
Contact: Mme. Zosima Lopez Ruiz, Palacio de las
Convenciones, Apartado 16046, La Habana, Cuba. Telephone:
20-4653, 22-6011 to 19, ext. 1514; FAX: 22-8382 or 33-1657;
Telex: 511609 palco cu; E-mail: palcoext@ceniai.cu.
August 14-18, 1995, Moscow, Russia: Global Changes and
Geography - Conference of the International Geographical
Union.
Contact: Secretariat of the IGU '95, Staromonetny 29, Moscow
109017, Russia. FAX: 7-095-230 2090; E-mail:
geography@glas.apc.org.
September 2-3, 1995, Canberra, Australia: IGU Study Group
Regional Symposium on the Geography of Sustainable Tourism
in Australia, New Zealand, the South-West Pacific and South-
East Asia.
Contact: Dr. C. Michael Hall, Tourism Programme, University
of Canberra, P.O. Box 1, Belconnen, A.C.T. 2616, Australia.
Telephone: 61 6 201 2465; FAX: 61 6 201 5119; E-mail:
cmjh@comserver.canberra.edu.au.
September 16-20, 1995, Mallorca (Baleares), Spain: 23rd
Meetings of the Commission on the Geography of Tourism and
Leisure of the French National Committee of Geography.
Contact: Miguel Segui Llinas, Las Mimosas 1, E-07196 Capdella
(Mallorca), Spain or Rmy Knafou, 24, boulevard des
Batignolles, 75017 Paris, France.
October 11-13, 1995, Inverness, Scotland: The Robert Gordon
University Heritage Convention: Sharing the Earth, Local
Identity in Global Culture.
Contact: Brian Hill, Convention
Organiser, The Robert Gordon University Heritage Unit, Faculty
of Design, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen AB9 2QB, Scotland.
Telephone: 01224 263723; FAX: 01224 263737.
October 12-15, 1995, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada: Shaping
Tomorrow's North - The Role of Tourism and Recreation.
Contact: Centre for Northern Studies, Lakehead University,
Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada, P7B 5E1. Telephone: (807) 343-
8360; FAX: (807) 343-8100; E-mail:
robbie.ferguson@lakeheadu.ca.
October 15-17, 1995, Montral, Canada:
1995 National Conference on Tourism.
Contact: Tourism Industry Association of Canada, 130 Albert
Street, Suite 1016, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1P 5G4;
telephone: 613-238-3883; FAX: 613-238-3878.
October 22-24, 1995, St. John's Newfoundland, Canada:Travel and Tourism Research
Association Canada Chapter, 1995
Annual Conference. Conference Theme: Tourism and
Sustainable Community Development.
Contact: Juanita Keel-
Ryan or Joan Quigley, Conference Co-Chairs, Dept. of Tourism,
Culture & Recreation, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.
Telephone: 709-729-2974; FAX: 709-729-0870.
April 9-13, 1996, Charlotte, North Carolina, U.S.A.:Association of American Geographers
Specialty Group on the
Geography of Recreation, Tourism, and Sport. Abstracts of
papers and payment due September 10, 1995.
Contact: Dr. Alan
A. Lew, Dept. of Geography and Public Planning, Northern
Arizona Univesity, P.O. Box 15016, Flagstaff, AZ 86011-5016,
U.S.A.; E-mail: alan.lew@nau.edu.
April 25-27, 1996 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: Second
Internaitonal Conference "Tourism in Indo-China: Opportunities
for Investment, Development, and Marketing."
Contact: Dr. Kaye Chon, Conrad N. Hilton College of Hotel and
Restaurant Management, University of Houston, 4800 Culhoun
Road, Houston, TX 7720-3902, U.S.A. Telephone: 713-743-
2458; FAX: 713-743-2498; E-mail: KCHON@UH.EDU.
May 9-11, 1996, Ottawa, Canada: 8th Canadian Congress on
Leisure Research.
Contact: Dr. Don Dawson, Congress Chair, Canadian Congress
on Leisure Research, Dept. of Leisure Studies, University of
Ottawa, P.O. Box 450, Station A, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada,
K1N 6N5.
August 5-10, 1996, The Hague, Netherlands: 28th
International Geographical Congress.
Contact: Congress Secretariat, IGC'96 The Hague, Mw.R.van der
Linden, Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Utrecht University,
P.O. Box 80115, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands. Telephone:
+31-30-532044; FAX: +31-30-540604; E-mail:
IGC1996@frw.ruu.nl.
September, 1997, Lyon, France: Meeting and excursion of the
I.G.U. Study Group on the Geography of Sustainable Tourism.
Contact: Prof. Henri Rougier, "Les Dames Anglaises," 383,
Chemin de Champraz, 74400, Chamonix Mont-Blac, France.
September, 1998, Lisbon, Portugal: I.G.U. Regional
Conference - The Atlantic - Past, Present and Future.
Contact: Professor Doctora Carminda Cavaco, Portuguese
National Committee for IGU, Department of Geography, Centro
de Estudos Geogrficos, Faculdade de Letras, 1699 Lisboa
Codex, Portugal. Telephone: (351) (01) 79 65469/7940218; FAX:
(351) (01) 7938690.
August 13-18, 2000, Seoul, Korea: The 29th International
Geographical Congress.
Contact: Organizing Committee of the 29th International
Geographical Congress: Seoul 2000, Department of Geography,
Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
Telephone; +82-2-876-0400; FAX: +82-2-876-0401; E-mail:
igcseoul@krsnucc1.bitnet.
The Editor gratefully acknowledges the continued willingness of Professor Jean-Michel Dewailly to translate this entire newsletter into French. The English version (in several drafts) was typed and put together by Mrs. Marilyn Miller, and the French version was typed by Madame Nadine Dupont, both of whom deserve and receive the thanks of all of our readers all over the world. Through the kindness of Professor Alan Lew, this issue is being printed and mailed by Northern Arizona University, to whom we are also grateful. The next two issues will be printed and distributed by Professor Anton Gosar and Professor Michael Hall, respectively through their universities. Is there a reader who would volunteer the services of her/his institution for printing and mailing an issue late in 1996 or after that?